Concerns are mounting over the safety of kratom, a supplement derived from the leaves of a Southeast Asian tree that has seen a surge in popularity. Available in various forms, including drinks, powders, and pills, kratom is often marketed as an energy booster, pain reliever, and relaxant.
However, the substance is increasingly linked to addiction, seizures, and fatalities, prompting bans in six states and the District of Columbia, with at least 18 other states implementing regulations. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a public warning against its use, citing risks of substance use disorder and death, particularly when combined with other substances like alcohol.
“There’s a common misperception that because it’s plant-based… it’s safe or non-addictive, but for kratom that’s absolutely not true,” said Matthew Rossheim, a researcher of intoxicating substances, who noted that kratom products are often too accessible and lack adequate warning labels. In response to growing concerns, U.S. health officials have signaled intentions to increase scrutiny of kratom compounds.
The potential for harm is highlighted by personal accounts. Jasmine Adeoye, 29, developed an addiction to a kratom-based beverage, Feel Free Classic, after seeking a safe alternative to alcohol. “You’re advertised this alcohol alternative, so you feel like it’s something totally safe,” Adeoye stated. “You start to believe there’s something wrong with you when you become addicted to this.” She now uses social media to warn others about the product, which, like many kratom supplements, is sold with little oversight in convenience stores.
The industry has also faced legal challenges. Dozens of wrongful death lawsuits nationwide have been filed related to kratom. In 2023, a class-action lawsuit targeted Feel Free’s manufacturer, Botanic Tonics, alleging the company misleadingly advertised its product as a safe, non-addictive alcohol alternative.
Botanic Tonics has since settled the suit. In a statement, the company expressed that it “deeply regret[s] any confusion or harm past marketing may have caused” and affirmed it now provides comprehensive product information, including intake limits and clear safety warnings.
Meanwhile, the American Kratom Association has stated it supports regulations to remove dangerous products from the market, including mandatory labeling requirements and a ban on sales to minors.
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