The domestic worker membership The Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) grew 30% in 2022, going from 40,491 to 53,584 registered people compared to what was reported for the end of 2021. The progress has been almost constant, although still insufficient.
Although their registration with the IMSS has been mandatory since October, the people who hire the more than 2.4 million domestic workers have ensured that only 2.2% of that population cares for their children and animals and maintains their homes. and clean clothes.
access to The right to social security For the population in general it has been complicated, since about 60% of employed people do not have affiliation to health institutions through their employment, according to the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Inegi). But if we talk about domestic workers, 98% are in that situation.
For several decades, they have fought to obtain that right that the Mexican State had denied them by law. First, they got the IMSS to create a pilot program for this sector of the occupation, after the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation (SCJN) ordered it.
In that same year they managed to get the Congress of the Union to reform the Federal Labor Law (LFT) to establish that one of the obligations of employers is to register them with the IMSS. But it was not until October 2022 when they conquered the fullness of the law in the regulations through a reform to the Social Security Law (LSS).
Little by little, more workers in the sector have been registered. In December 2020, the IMSS reported 26,193 insured people, a year later it reported 40,491 people. In this way, the figure reported for the end of 2022 is double what was observed two years ago.
States with more and less affiliations
The Mexico City It is the entity with the largest affiliated population, with 8,924 people; Most of them were registered in the southern zone of the country’s capital. The second entity is the Mexico state, with 5,546 people.
While, campeche It is the state where there are fewer registered workers, with 137 people. The second place in this group with less affiliation is Tabascowith 204 people.
According to the National Occupation and Employment Survey (ENOE) for November of last year, of the more than 2.4 million people who work in the home, 93% are women and 7% are men.
However, of the total domestic workers and employees with social security, 34% are men and 66% women. According to information from the IMSS, there are more than 18,000 affiliated workers, that is, 10% of the men who work in a private home have been insured. In contrast, with 35,500 employees enrolled in the institute, only 1.5% of the women dedicated to domestic work have been affiliated with the institute by their employers.
According to the INEGI, women In this sector they are mainly dedicated to cleaning houses, buying and preparing food, washing and ironing clothes, and caring for people and animals. The men They are generally hired as drivers, porters or security guards.
They are also registered with a salary slightly higher than theirs: 239 pesos daily, compared to 228 pesos a day. In December 2021, men received an average of 210 pesos per day and women 204 pesos.
Most of the insured domestic workers have between 55 and 65 years of age. In this age range there are 20,885 people, which represents 40 percent. Meanwhile, the youngest people have the lowest insurance rate, the IMSS reports having registered 208 people between the ages of 15 and 20, which translates into 0.3 percent.
According to the institute’s statistics, there are 1,495 working people over 70 years of age who continue to work for a family. Of these, 777 are over 75 years of age.
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