Many older people’s bones become more fragile as they age and are therefore more susceptible to fractures. This health problem is a major concern for this group of people. What are the reasons behind the increase in Osteoporosis؟
In this report published by the French website “Press Santé”, writer François Lin explores the main factors that contribute to osteoporosis, and ways to maintain the health of our bones as we age.
bone aging
Bone aging is a natural process that occurs as people age. From about age 30, bone mass begins to gradually decrease in a process known as “bone resorption.” This process usually accelerates in women after menopause, and it also affects older men.
decreased hormone production
One of the main factors responsible for osteoporosis in the elderly is the decreased production of hormones such as estrogen. Estrogen and testosteroneThese hormones play a crucial role in maintaining bone health by promoting absorption. Calcium Stimulate the formation of new bone tissue.
Slow cell renewal
As we age, the rate of bone cell turnover slows down. Osteoclasts, which are responsible for forming new bone, become less active while osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone resorption, remain more active. This imbalance leads to loss of bone mass and increased bone fragility.
decreased calcium absorption
The intestine’s absorption of calcium, an essential mineral for bone health, decreases with age. This may be due to decreased production of vitamin D, which facilitates calcium absorption, or to digestive problems associated with aging.
Risk factors for osteoporosis
In addition to age-related physiological changes, there are other factors that can contribute to osteoporosis in the elderly.
Sedentary lifestyle and lack of physical activity
Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for osteoporosis. The lack of exercise that stimulates mechanical load on the bones results in loss of bone mass and decreased bone strength.
malnutrition
A diet low in calcium, vitamin D, and protein can weaken bones. These essential nutrients play a critical role in maintaining bone density and strength.
Chronic diseases and medications
Certain chronic diseases, such as diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis, as well as some drug treatments, can have a negative impact on bone health, so it’s important to discuss this with your doctor.
Genetic and environmental factors
Genetic predisposition and some environmental factors, such as smoking, can contribute to osteoporosis in older adults.
Consequences of osteoporosis
Osteoporosis in older adults can have serious consequences for their quality of life and overall health.
Increased risk of fractures
The main consequence of osteoporosis is an increased risk of fractures, especially in the hip, spine and wrist. These fractures can lead to loss of independence, long hospital stays and serious complications.
decreased mobility
Osteoporosis-related fractures can limit older adults’ mobility and independence, making them more dependent on the care and assistance of others.
Rising health care costs
Fracture treatment and management of osteoporosis-related complications represent a significant financial burden on health systems and individuals.
Osteoporosis screening and diagnosis
In order to prevent the serious consequences of osteoporosis, it is necessary to conduct regular screening for osteoporosis in the elderly.
Bone density scan
Bone densitometry, also known as dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, is the reference test for assessing bone mineral density. This painless, non-invasive test makes it possible to detect osteoporosis and assess the risk of fractures.
Other complementary tests
In addition to measuring density, blood and urine tests may be done to identify possible risk factors or underlying causes of osteoporosis, such as vitamin deficiencies or hormonal problems.
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
In the face of osteoporosis, there are effective strategies to prevent and treat this health problem in the elderly.
Regular physical activity
Getting proper physical exercise, such as walking, swimming, or strengthening muscles, helps stimulate new bone formation and helps maintain bone mass.
Diet
Eating a diet rich in calcium, vitamin D and protein is essential for maintaining bone health. You can also rely on nutritional supplements based on a doctor’s recommendation.
Drug therapy
If osteoporosis is confirmed, drug treatments such as bisphosphonates or selective estrogen receptor modulators may be prescribed to slow bone loss and reduce the risk of fractures.
Fall prevention
Fall prevention measures, such as home design and the use of technology, can also help reduce the risk of fractures for older adults.
There is no doubt that osteoporosis is a major health challenge for the elderly, but there are ways to prevent and treat it effectively. By understanding the mechanisms that cause osteoporosis, adopting a healthy lifestyle, and benefiting from appropriate medical monitoring, the elderly can maintain their bone strength and preserve their independence and quality of life. Therefore, a comprehensive and preventive approach is essential to address this public health challenge.
