The effects of the drought began to be seen, between July 15 and 31, in entities in the southeast of the Republic, which have historically had an abundance of water.
According to the latest Drought Monitor report, prepared by the National Water Commission (Conagua) as of July 31, abnormally dry conditions increased in portions of Guerrero, Veracruz, Chiapas, Yucatán and Quintana Roo.
The same effects occurred in Oaxaca, a state where areas of severe drought (D2) also appeared.
Guerrero registered a total of 36 municipalities with abnormal drought and five more with moderate drought (D1). In the case of Veracruz, 152 localities presented abnormally dry conditions (D0) and one moderated.
For Chiapas, 37 municipalities were in D0, while for Yucatán and Quintana Roo, in this same category, the figure was 21 and 11 localities, respectively.
In the case of Oaxaca, the record was of 247 abnormally dry localities; 101 with D1 and 39 with severe drought.
In general, a total of 1,742 municipalities in the country out of 2,463 of which there is a record were affected by some type of drought, in other words, 70.2% have a level of damage.
This figure is higher than what was recorded on July 15, 2022 by the same monitor, at that time there was a total of 1,546 municipalities under these characteristics.
While when compared to what was documented on July 31, but from last year, there is a considerable increase, since by that time, 612 localities registered these conditions, that is, an increase of 184.64% with respect to the 2022 data.
The Drought Monitor also identified that in the northern region in Durango, Coahuila, Zacatecas, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas and San Luis Potosí there was an increase in areas with moderate to severe drought (D1 to D2).
General levels
With regard to the national situation, 64.83% of the territory of Mexico was affected by this meteorological phenomenon, 5.18 points less than on July 15 (70.01%).
However, if compared to the data for 2021 (36.51%), there is an increase of 28.32 points.
In the second half of July 2022, there were above-average rains in the northwestern states, the Bajío region and in some isolated areas of the Yucatan Peninsula (…) Therefore, a slight decrease was observed of the abnormally dry conditions (D0) in Jalisco, Michoacán and the State of Mexico”, reads the Conagua analysis.
Similarly, rainfall contributed to the reduction of moderate to extreme drought (D1 to D3) in the Baja California Peninsula, Sonora and Chihuahua; in this last entity, exceptional drought (D4) was also eliminated.
filling of dams
According to the monitoring of the Conagua on the storage of the 210 large dams in the country, until yesterday, the reservoirs presented a storage of 44.2% as a whole.
The data indicates that there was a filling of 51,782.74 cubic hectometers (hm3) of 116,952.32, which is the joint storage of the 210 large dams.
Of the total, nine reservoirs had 100% or more storage; 32, from 75 to 99%; 59 reservoirs were between 50 and 74 percent filled.
While 110 presented, until yesterday, less than 50% of their storage, according to the National Water Commission.
Most affected entities
The entity that registers the least storage is Coahuila, where five large dams are located, which together have a capacity of 2,476.41 hm3, of which there was 303.96 filled, that is, 12 percent.
In second place was Morelos, where one of the 210 large dams is located, with a capacity of 26.98 hm3; its filling until yesterday was 4.33 (16%).
In third place was Querétaro with a storage of 25.48 hm3 out of a total of 149.38 corresponding to seven large dams.
Chihuahua positioned itself in fourth place, where there are five large dams that as a whole had a storage of 303.96 (22%) hm3 out of a total of 2,476.41 until yesterday.
And in fifth position was Tamaulipas with 25.4% filling, which corresponds to 1,957.09 hm3 of 7,684.07, which is the capacity of nine large dams located in the entity.
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