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Cairo On this day, November 19, 1977, the late Egyptian President Anwar alsadat The first official visit by an Arab head of state to Israel, in order to resolve the frozen situation since the outbreak of the 1973 war.
Coinciding with the anniversary, political analysts express their belief that the so-called “Sadat solution” is the most appropriate for dealing with Israel, especially now.
This solution is summed up in the necessity of “war for peace”, in mixing military and political solutions at the same time, as war will not end the conflict, and peace is not on Israel’s agenda, and the solution is in mixing the two matters.
Sadat’s move at the time faced massive Egyptian and Arab anger, and most Arab countries later severed their relations with Egypt, and the matter reached the point where some officials considered Sadat’s policy “a concession that harms Egypt’s national security.”
Despite this, Sadat went to the last resort, and the visit, after a period of negotiations, resulted in a signature Peace Agreement Between the two parties in 1979, which its supporters believe was restored Sinai For Egypt, it ended the war with Israel, while its opponents saw that it neutralized Egypt and diminished its political and military role.
On the 46th anniversary of this visit and coinciding with the ongoing aggression against… Gaza stripControversy is renewed about the effectiveness of the “Sadatian solution” to the conflict, and about the possibility of the Palestinian resistance repeating this scenario after “Al-Aqsa flood“.
Harmful solution
Vice President of the Center for Political and Strategic Studies in Al-Ahram, Mohamed Al-Saeed Idris, believes that the “Sadatian solution” to the Arab-Israeli conflict has not succeeded for more than 45 years, because “it began with American pressure on the necessity of ending the state of neither war nor peace, following the 1973 war, during which Sadat was surprised – In fairness, with direct American intervention, he was eventually forced to stop the war, which his opponents called a war of mobilization and not a war of liberation.”
Idris pointed out in an interview with Al Jazeera Net that “the Sadatian solution culminated in a peace agreement that restricted Egypt and besieged its influence,” and transformed the issue from “an Arab-Israeli issue to a Palestinian-Israeli crisis,” with which the Arabs could coexist. Rather, it ultimately led to the Oslo and Wadi Araba Accords, and the normalization of countries. Arab League for its relations with Israel in accordance with the “Abraham Accords”, all of which are agreements that “are in the interest of Israel and confiscate Palestinian rights, without obligating the enemy to do anything.”
Idris pointed out that “the Sadatian solution after the resistance attack became the same, as it exposed the criminality of the Zionist enemy and the shameless Western support for its massacres,” and “the West denies” all international conventions and human rights, in such a way that it is impossible to talk about the possibility of the Palestinian resistance adopting the Sadatian solution, as She was careful not to repeat the mistakes.
He concluded by saying, “This solution has become a thing of the past, especially since it was not effective, ended the conflict with Israel at the expense of Arab interests, and was a false peace that dwarfed the Islamic world, and made 70 Arab and Islamic countries unable to come to the rescue of Gaza.”
Not repeatable
The Palestinian historian residing in Cairo, Abdel Qader Yassin, shared the previous point of view, saying that “Sadat’s solution did not produce peace, but rather surrender to the desires of Washington and Tel Aviv, and it cannot be repeated.”
He pointed out that it was done in accordance with “the dictates of the former US Secretary of State.” Henry Kissinger And American intelligence, and did not serve Arab interests, but rather presented the region to the Americans and Israelis, and took Egypt out of the conflict, and did not offer anything to the Palestinian cause, and began the journey of Arab normalization at no cost, to produce results. Oslo agreement“The second Palestinian Nakba,” as he put it.
Yassin explained, in an interview with Al Jazeera Net, that true peace is based on justice, restoring rights, and stopping crime, while Israel shied away from all its obligations after reassuring Egypt following the Sadat solution. He ruled out the possibility of repeating this solution after the resistance attack, which the speaker considers “the beginning of the end of the enemy, on the condition that the Palestinians build up their struggle to achieve this goal in the future.”
The Palestinian historian said, “The new generation of Palestinians realizes that the conflict with the Zionist enemy does not accept compromise solutions, so the Palestinians cannot bet on Sadat’s solution to the conflict.”
the ideal solution
On the other hand, former Egyptian Foreign Minister Mohamed Al-Orabi saw that the “Sadatian solution” was a necessity imposed by circumstances, as it ended the war, restored rights, including sovereignty over Sinai, and paved the way for the settlement of the Palestinian issue in accordance with decisions. United nations The decision 181 And 242.
He added in an interview with Al Jazeera Net, “Sadat had a clear vision for resolving the Palestinian issue, which required Arab mobilization and support. However, the uprising of the Arabs around him thwarted the movement, and wasted more than 45 years on the Palestinian issue, for which the Palestinian people alone paid a heavy price.”
Al-Orabi continued, “Settlement of the Palestinian issue in 1979 would have been easier if the Palestinians had listened to Sadat’s advice, as the issue was not so complicated, and there were not hundreds of settlements that cut off the pieces.” West Bank and siege Jerusalem“And it made the establishment of a viable Palestinian state very difficult.”
Al-Orabi denied that the “Sadatian solution” had removed Egypt from the Arab-Israeli conflict, stressing that Cairo continues to support the Palestinians, their right to an independent state, with Jerusalem as its capital, and condemn Israeli violations.
The former minister denied the possibility that the “Al-Aqsa Flood” operation and the Palestinian resistance strikes would contribute to repeating the “Sadatian solution,” stressing the difference in circumstances and the complexity of the issue, adding, “But all options are possible, if the Palestinians read the scene well.”
“Ahead of his time”
Professor of Israeli Studies at Alexandria University, Ahmed Fouad Anwar, believes that “Sadat’s solution to the conflict preceded its time, and reflected political and diplomatic prowess. He invested the results of the October War and the strength of the Egyptian army in forcing Israel to negotiate and restore Egypt’s rights, and the rights of the Palestinians could have been restored if they supported his course.”
Anwar stressed the possibility of the Palestinian forces benefiting from the events of October 7, and the steadfastness of the resistance in Gaza in the face of the Israeli aggression, in repeating the “Sadatian solution” and forcing Israel to return to negotiations, but this matter requires conditions, including “the meeting of the Palestinians on a unified political program, which will be implemented.” Delivering it to international powers, to pressure the occupation to return to negotiations and recognize rights.”
He demonstrated the possibility of the Palestinians repeating the “Sadatian solution” scenario, by the similarity of the two events between October 1973 and October 2023, as it “returned the Palestinian issue to the forefront, and created an international trend for a settlement, returning to the Oslo path again, and offering concessions to the Palestinians according to a more than one solution.” Autonomy and less than a state.”
He pointed out the importance of the Palestinians having the will and launching a “peace attack” that would push the international community to support their acquisition of their legitimate rights, denying that the “Sadat solution” had removed Egypt from the conflict, as evidenced by the fact that Egypt is under intense pressure for defending the rights of the Palestinians and rejecting aggression. Case liquidation scheme.
