TrendsWide
Contact US
  • Home
  • Trending
  • Health
  • Life Style
  • NBA
  • Reviews
No Result
View All Result
TrendsWide
  • Home
  • Trending
  • Health
  • Life Style
  • NBA
  • Reviews
No Result
View All Result
TrendsWide
No Result
View All Result
Home Australia

Archaeology: Pharaoh who ruled in Egypt more than 3,500 years ago was caught in battle and executed 

by souhaib
February 17, 2021
in Australia
0
Archaeology: Pharaoh who ruled in Egypt more than 3,500 years ago was caught in battle and executed 
74
SHARES
1.2k
VIEWS
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter
ADVERTISEMENT


A pharaoh who ruled southern Egypt 3,576 years ago was captured in battle against a foreign dynasty from the north and ceremonially executed, a study reveals.  

Experts from Egypt CT-scanned the mummy of pharaoh Seqenenre Tao, known as ‘the Brave’, and revealed new details about the injuries that led to his death.

He appeared to have been killed by at least five assailants, each wielding a different weapon, while his hands were bound behind his back.

It is thought he met his grisly end after losing a battle between his army from Thebes and the Hyksos foes of the north, ruled by Apophis.

The source of the quarrell, according to legend, is that Apophis wanted to cull the noisy hippopotamuses which lived in Thebes because they were disturbing his sleep with their roars. 

The manner of Pharaoh Seqenenre Tao’s death has been a subject of debate since he was discovered in 1881, as visual inspections and an X-ray examination back in the 1960s all indicated that the pharaoh had suffered a number of severe injuries to his head, pictured

Experts from Egypt CT-scanned the mummy of pharaoh Seqenenre Tao — known as 'the Brave' — and revealed new details about the head injuries (pictured) that led to his death

Experts from Egypt CT-scanned the mummy of pharaoh Seqenenre Tao — known as ‘the Brave’ — and revealed new details about the head injuries (pictured) that led to his death

Pharaoh Seqenenre Tao ruled over the southern, Theban region of Egypt from around 1560–1555 BC, during the so-called Seventeenth Dynasty.

At this time, lower and middle Egypt (that is, the north) was occupied by the Hyksos — a dynasty of Palestinian origin who ruled from the city of Avaris in the Nile delta.

While Seqenenre may have died in his fight to reunify ancient Egypt, protect the hippos and repel the forces occupying the north, his sacrifice was not in vain.

Picking up where his father left off, Seqenenre’s son Ahmose I succeeded in capturing the city of Avaris 18–19 years in his reign.

Seqenenre’s mummy was discovered by archaeologists in a tomb complex known as Deir el-Bahri, within the Theban necropolis, back in 1881.

The manner of his death has been a subject of debate ever since, as visual inspections and an X-ray examination back in the late 1960s all indicated that the pharaoh had suffered a number of severe injuries to the head.

In contrast, the king’s body did not appear to have sustained any wounds at all, while the mummy’s generally poor condition had suggested that Seqenenre had been embalmed hastily, outside of the royal mummification workshop.

In fact, experts have argued that Seqenenre’s remains represent the worst preserved of all the royal mummies held in the Egyptian museum in Cairo.

Egyptologists James Harris and Kent Weeks, who performed a forensic examination of Seqenenre in the 1960s, said that a ‘foul, oily smell filled the room the moment the case in which his body was exhibited was opened.’

This odour was attributed to bodily fluids having been accidentally left in the mummy at the time of burial.

In written tradition, the Hyksos king Apepi (or Apophis) is said to have sent Seqenenre a message that the noise coming from the the hippopotamus pool in Thebes was so loud that Apepi was unable to sleep in far-north Avaris. It is thought this led to a battle and the subsequent capture and execution of Seqenenre Tao

In written tradition, the Hyksos king Apepi (or Apophis) is said to have sent Seqenenre a message that the noise coming from the the hippopotamus pool in Thebes was so loud that Apepi was unable to sleep in far-north Avaris. It is thought this led to a battle and the subsequent capture and execution of Seqenenre Tao

A number of theories have been put forward to account for these findings, including that he was murdered in his sleep amid a palace intrigue, or that he was captured in battle and then executed, perhaps by the Hyksos king himself.  

Revelations from the CT scans included previously undetected lesions that Seqenenre’s embalmers had skilfully concealed under a layer of material that, the researchers explained, worked like the fillers used in modern plastic surgery.

Furthermore, the care taken in covering up his wounds before burial, the team said, suggest that his mummification was undertaken in a proper workshop, rather than hurriedly in a poorly equipped setting as had been previously suggested.

The X-ray images also indicate that the pharaoh was likely around 40 years old at the time of his death. 

Based on their findings, the team have concluded that Seqenenre was indeed taken captive on the battlefield, and that his hands had been bound behind his back, such that he was unable to defend himself from attack.  

‘This suggests that Seqenenre was really on the front line with his soldiers, risking his life to liberate Egypt,’ said paper author and palaeoradiologist Sahar Saleem of Egypt’s Cairo University.

The researchers concluded the fallen ruler was bound with his hands behind his back shortly before his execution due to the position of the mummy’s fingers. 

They are frozen in the position they were in at the moment of death, known as a ‘cadaveric spasm’, which only normally occurs in ‘individuals who were subjected to violent deaths and whose nervous systems were disturbed at the moment of death’. 

It is commonly seen in people who have drowned, but the researchers believe this is evidence of his hands being tied behind his back. 

Based on their findings, the team have concluded that Seqenenre was indeed taken captive on the battlefield — and that his hands had been bound behind his back, such that he was unable to defend himself from attack. Pictured, an X-ray image of the pharaoh's torso

Based on their findings, the team have concluded that Seqenenre was indeed taken captive on the battlefield — and that his hands had been bound behind his back, such that he was unable to defend himself from attack. Pictured, an X-ray image of the pharaoh’s torso

A pharaoh who ruled southern Egypt 3,576 years ago was captured in battle against a foreign dynasty occupying the north and ceremonially executed, a study found. Pictured, palaeoradiologist Sahar Saleem of Cairo University poses with the mummy in the scanner

A pharaoh who ruled southern Egypt 3,576 years ago was captured in battle against a foreign dynasty occupying the north and ceremonially executed, a study found. Pictured, palaeoradiologist Sahar Saleem of Cairo University poses with the mummy in the scanner

Seqenenre's mummy was discovered by archaeologists in a tomb complex known as Deir el-Bahri, within the Theban necropolis, back in 1881

Seqenenre’s mummy was discovered by archaeologists in a tomb complex known as Deir el-Bahri, within the Theban necropolis, back in 1881

In addition, the team reported, the execution appears to have been carried out by multiple attackers — with analysis revealing that the mummy’s injuries appear to have been delivered by five different Hyksos weapons.

‘In a normal execution on a bound prisoner, it could be assumed that only one assailant strikes, possibly from different angles but not with different weapons,’ Professor Saleem explained.

‘Seqenenre’s death was rather a ceremonial execution,’ she noted.

According to Professor Saleem, her team’s findings have provided important new details about a pivotal point in ancient Egyptian history.

‘Seqenenre’s death motivated his successors to continue the fight to unify Egypt and start the New Kingdom,’ she said.

The full findings of the study were published in the journal Frontiers in Medicine.

PHARAOH SEQENENRE TOA 

Pictured: the mummy of Seqenenre Tao

Pictured: the mummy of Seqenenre Tao

Pharaoh Seqenenre Tao ‘the Brave’ ruled over the southern, Theban region of Egypt from around 1560–1555 BC, during the so-called Seventeenth Dynasty.

At this time, lower and middle Egypt (that is, the north) was occupied by the Hyksos — a dynasty of Palestinian origin who ruled from the city of Avaris in the Nile delta.

Seqenenre fathered two pharaohs — Kamose, his immediate successor, and Ahmose I, who ruled following a regency by his mother.

In written tradition, the Hyksos king Apepi (or Apophis) is said to have sent Seqenenre a message that the noise coming from the the hippopotamus pool in Thebes was so loud that Apepi was unable to sleep in far-north Avaris.

The Theban king was known for his active diplomatic posturing — which appears to have led to all-out skirmishes in which he played an active and ultimately fatal role.

While Seqenenre and Kamose may have died in his fight to reunify ancient Egypt and repel the forces occupying the north, their sacrifice was not in vain.

Picking up where his father and brother left off, Ahmose I succeeding in capturing the city of Avaris 18–19 years in his reign.



Source link

You might also like

Fears the Bondi Covid cluster has spread 60km away as a childcare centre is forced to close

China accused using UNESCO puppet against Australia over Great Barrier Reef world heritage listing

Queensland slams its borders shut to Sydney Covid hotspots

Share this:

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • More
  • Pinterest
  • Telegram
  • Email
Tags: dailymail australia
Share30Tweet19
Previous Post

Legal on the public street .. Here is the new Porsche 911 GT3 race-inspired car

Next Post

UK’s Covid vaccine roll-out continues to slow with just 280,000 more doses dished out

souhaib

Recommended For You

Fears the Bondi Covid cluster has spread 60km away as a childcare centre is forced to close

by souhaib
June 23, 2021
0
Fears the Bondi Covid cluster has spread 60km away as a childcare centre is forced to close

Fears the Bondi Covid cluster has spread 60km away as a childcare centre in Sydney's south-west is forced to close after a positive case spent a day there Little...

Read more

China accused using UNESCO puppet against Australia over Great Barrier Reef world heritage listing

by souhaib
June 23, 2021
0
China accused using UNESCO puppet against Australia over Great Barrier Reef world heritage listing

2019: Australian intelligence services conclude that China was responsible for a cyber-attack on Australia's parliament and three largest political parties in the run-up to a May election.April 2020:...

Read more

Queensland slams its borders shut to Sydney Covid hotspots

by souhaib
June 23, 2021
0
Queensland slams its borders shut to Sydney Covid hotspots

Queensland slams its borders shut to Sydney hotspots as New South Wales battles a growing Covid clusterQueensland slams borders shut to anyone from Sydney's hotspot suburbs Anyone entering from...

Read more

UEFA denies Munich mayor’s Euro 2020 rainbow stadium gesture to protest against a Hungarian law

by souhaib
June 22, 2021
0
UEFA denies Munich mayor's Euro 2020 rainbow stadium gesture to protest against a Hungarian law

UEFA has refused a request from Munich's mayor for a stadium to be lit in rainbow colours for Germany's Euro 2020 match against Hungary on Wednesday in protest...

Read more

England march on in Euro 2020, but it’s group stage agony for Scotland

by souhaib
June 22, 2021
0
England march on in Euro 2020, but it's group stage agony for Scotland

Who could England face in the Round of 16? England have won Group D That means they will face the runners up of Group F - the so-called 'Group of...

Read more
Next Post
UK's Covid vaccine roll-out continues to slow with just 280,000 more doses dished out

UK's Covid vaccine roll-out continues to slow with just 280,000 more doses dished out

No Result
View All Result

Recent Posts

  • Fear of a recession pushes Italy’s premium to 222 basis points
  • plastic environmentalism
  • Intel Is Remaining Behind as Chip Stocks Roar Back
  • Quick Fit by Melanie Reviews 2022
  • Dollar in Mexico trades again above 20 pesos By Investing.com

Browse by Category

  • Australia
  • Automotive
  • Business
  • Celebrity
  • Cryptocurrency
  • Deals
  • Economie
  • Education
  • Euro
  • Forex
  • Gaming
  • Health
  • Life Style
  • NBA
  • News
  • Reviews
  • Sports
  • Switzerland
  • Trending
  • U.S.
  • Uncategorized

Categories

  • Australia
  • Automotive
  • Business
  • Celebrity
  • Cryptocurrency
  • Deals
  • Economie
  • Education
  • Euro
  • Forex
  • Gaming
  • Health
  • Life Style
  • NBA
  • News
  • Reviews
  • Sports
  • Switzerland
  • Trending
  • U.S.
  • Uncategorized

Pages

  • Contact US
  • Newsletter
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms & Conditions

© 2021 - TrendsWide

No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Contact US
  • Privacy Policy
  • Trending
  • U.S.
  • Economie
  • Deals
  • Reviews
  • Cryptocurrency
  • Health
  • Life Style
  • NBA

© 2021 - TrendsWide