In the LXIV and LXV Legislatures of the Congress of the Union —from September 1 to date—, federal senators and deputies from the main political forces represented within it —National Regeneration Movement party (Morena), National Action Party (PAN), Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) and Movimiento Ciudadano (MC) party— have promoted reforms to the Constitution and secondary legislation on electronic voting.
In view of the start of the formal discussion of the constitutional electoral reform pending in the Lower House, based on the constitutional amendment initiative of the Federal Executive that does not include a specific proposal in this regard, the issue will be part of the debate.
On October 31, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador agreed to implement electronic voting in Mexico in the 2024 presidential elections because it does work.
“And I am sure that it costs less, that it is not so much expense and since the electoral reform is being discussed now, a system like this, safe, impartial, efficient, fast, would help a lot,” he said.
regulatory laws
On February 13, 2020, Morena federal deputy Luis Alegre Salazar proposed amending the General Law of Electoral Institutions and Procedures (Legipe) to create the National Electronic Voting System.
The Morenista initiative aims to create the National Committee for Electronic or Digital Voting as a body dependent on the National Electoral Institute (INE).
Patricia Armendáriz Guerra (Morena) promotes modifying Article 266 and 268 of the Legipe to establish the use of electronic tickets, whose progressive folio will be registered by the system locally and on the INE servers.
The federal deputy Humberto Aguilar proposed, last May, on behalf of the National Action parliamentary group, to reform the Legipe, General Law of Political Parties and the General Law of the System of Means of Challenge in Electoral Matters.
If the PAN initiative is approved, article 266 of the Legipe will provide:
“The casting of the vote will be carried out through electronic ballot boxes that will show the ballots for the election of the president of the United Mexican States, senators and deputies. The voter will touch the screen to choose the candidate or party of his choice on the ballot; vote blank or for an unregistered candidate. The voter will be able to verify his vote on the screen or, if necessary, modify it.
Jorge Álvarez Máynez, coordinator of the federal deputation of MC, also promotes changing the letter of the Legipe to authorize the INE to implement the electronic ballot box and electronic voting in order for the elections to comply with the constitutional principle of certainty.
According to the EMECist, in addition to significantly increasing the reliability of electoral processes, electronic voting can reduce the costs of an election, which is why he called for consensus for its approval.
Constitution
Last April, Senator Mario Zamora (PRI) proposed amending Article 41 of the Constitution to include electronic voting, as well as its qualities already contemplated in the secondary law.
The Sinaloan initiative states that the National Electoral Institute (INE) will be responsible for approving and managing the electronic voting system, and that in the case of local elections, the guidelines and formats for said exercise are agreed with the local electoral authority. .
Through the transitory regime, it suggests specifying that the Congress of the Union will carry out, within a period of no more than 180 days, the secondary reforms so that electronic voting can be implemented in the general and local elections of 2024.
“For the exercise of the right to vote of Mexican citizens in federal or local electoral processes, popular consultations and mandate revocation processes, it may be done by means of printed or electronic ballots; for which, the law will regulate its implementation to ensure universal, free, secret and direct suffrage,” quotes the PRI’s proposal.
rolando.ramos@eleconomista.mx
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