Flood Egypt with good deeds, and the Middle East in the Cold War.
The Aswan Dam opened the channels for agricultural and industrial development in front of Egypt and avoided the gift of the Nile, the anger of the flood gods.
However, the High Dam, which was built by the efforts of thousands of Egyptian workers and hundreds of Soviet experts and engineers, opened the gateway to the Cold War between Moscow and the West in the Middle East.
The Soviet Union came to provide aid to Egypt under the leadership of Gamal Abdel Nasser, although the Soviet leadership was ignorant of the orientations of the Egyptian leader, classified according to the Prime Minister
The British at the time, Anthony Eden, was described as a “fascist”, while the brown officer was very tall,
Attractive, loved by millions, the Egyptian nation is praised in his name, and on the tongue of millions of Arabs by “
The rebellious Gulf to the Thundering Ocean “as the Egyptian radio propagandist Ahmed Saeed used to like
Say over the air.
Moscow’s decision to extend a soft loan to Egypt came after the International Monetary Fund refused to finance construction
The dam, except on conditions, Egypt loses its sovereignty.
On the ninth of January 1960, the Egyptians began to construct one of the most important
Giant projects in the modern era, and perhaps the most important project in the life of Egyptians, to reserve
Nile flood, water storage and electric power generation.
The report of the International Commission for Dams and the large companies, the High Dam tops all projects,
It was chosen by the international body as the greatest engineering project ever built in the twentieth century.
Before the dam was built, Egypt was inundated by floods, and in some years, when the flood level increased
It leads to damage and drowning of agricultural crops, and in other years, when its level decreases, it decreases
Water and crystallization of agricultural lands.
The dam has brought about a major quantum leap in development in Egypt, from seasonal farming to agriculture
Permanent, and protected from flood damage and contributed to the reclamation and increase of the land area
It is considered one of the most important achievements of the late Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser, if not the most important.
“The people who built the pyramids in honor of death are able to build the dam a new pyramid, in appreciation and honor of life.”
Gamal Abdel Nasser said, when the construction of the largest water dam began, which preserves Egypt’s right to water
Nile.
The construction of the dam began in 1960, at a total cost of one billion dollars, with Soviet financing amounting to
About 450 million pounds, with the participation of 400 Soviet experts, and 34 thousand Egyptian workers.
The High Dam began storing water in 1964, was completed in 1968, and the last 12 generators were installed
Electricity in 1970, and it was officially inaugurated on January 15, 1971.
To build the dam, nearly 22 temples and cemeteries were moved behind the High Dam, while 60 missions participated
Archeologists from all over the world in transfers, and the most famous temples that were transferred was a temple
Abu Simbel, and the last temple to be moved is the Temple of Philae, whose relocation was completed in 1980.
The High Dam has made many achievements for Egypt, the most important of which are protection from floods and droughts,
It was able to protect Egypt from the most dry periods it was exposed to from 1981 to 1987, and it also kept the lands from being destroyed by floods.
The High Dam contributed to converting large areas of agricultural lands from irrigation of rain beds to permanent irrigation.
The agricultural area was increased from 5.5 to 7.9 million acres, and the cultivation of agricultural crops expanded
As a result of the availability of water.
The High Dam extended all parts of Egypt with electricity, as electricity is generated from it with a total of 2,100 megawatts,
Which contributed to a huge industrial boom after generating electricity.
Before the construction of the High Dam, Egypt used to import 800,000 pounds of fertilizers, but after the dam was built
And to save electricity, Egypt is exporting fertilizers after building many factories.
The High Dam is located five miles south of the original reservoir (Aswan Reservoir).
The most important development project accomplished during the Nasser era.
Egypt needed to increase the agricultural area to match the increase in population, and the Nile water was not sufficient
Irrigation needs. Hence, thinking began in the early 1950s regarding the High Dam project.
The project’s financing process had global and local repercussions for President Abdel Nasser’s rule. The Egyptian government made its decision regarding the construction of the High Dam in 1954,
The project was put forward to the United States, Britain, and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
The nationalization of the Suez Canal in 1956, and Egypt’s announcement that it would use its revenues to finance the construction of the High Dam, increased the anger of London and its ally Washington against Nasser.
In October and November of the same year, Egypt was subjected to aggression from Israel, Britain and France as a result of the nationalization decision. After that, the implementation of the construction of the High Dam, on the political and economic levels, became an urgent task for the government of Abdel Nasser.
The Soviet Union, which stopped the tripartite aggression with its famous ultimatum, agreed to provide an initial advance of 320 million dollars and contributed to all stages of design and construction.
The High Dam, and the Egyptian government established a special administrative body to oversee the project.
The Greek historian’s famous saying that Egypt is the gift of the Nile, schoolchildren learns it by heart. But Egypt also donated the High Dam. When the Nile floods, it turns into a curse on the Egyptians, and the Aswan Dam came to lock the blue genie in order to spread its good to millions of farmers, water millions of hectares, and create an advanced industrial base in the country of one hundred million people. It is difficult to imagine how he would have lived, had it not been for the gift of Soviet cooperation. Al-Masry for more than three decades.
The irony is that the Aswan High Dam, immortalized by the most beautiful Egyptian songs and chants, aims to reduce the flood of the Nile’s generosity, while the Ethiopian Renaissance Dam may deprive Egypt of the Nile gifts, if there is no agreement between the upstream and downstream countries.
Peace traveler
The article expresses only the opinion of the newspaper or writer
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