Jobs for fees, commissions, tips and without pay are the fastest growing

The recovery of the labor market after the impact of the pandemic has prompted changes in the distribution of occupations. Salaried employment is the one that has grown the least so far in 2022, surpassed by important advances in the line of work for fees, commissions and tipss, as well as unpaid workers and the self-employed.

According to data from the National Occupation and Employment Surveyo (ENOE), the group of people with a paid job through alternatives other than salary registered an increase of 14.2% in the third quarter of the year compared to the end of 2021. While salaried employment had an increase of 0.85% in the same time.

The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Inegi) classifies as subordinate employment with non-salary perceptions the case of people who “acknowledge that they depend on a boss or superior, but without receiving a salary as a form of payment, receiving other modalities such as commissions, fees, piecework, tips, etc.”

In this vein, from the ENOE for the third quarter of 2022 it can be deduced that the salaried work rate registered a new decrease and was located at 64.5%, with which it returned to its pre-pandemic levels after having registered a historical maximum of 65.7%. in the first quarter of 2021.

When analyzing the employment data for the closing of the quarter of this year, with the particular data for September, David Kaplan, economist at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), highlighted that the decrease in the salaried employment rate is indeed an indicator of the behavior of working market that causes concern.

“Despite the fact that various labor market indicators point to strength, there is one indicator that is beginning to worry me. The wage labor ratewhich in general has had an upward trend, is going down,” the analyst said at the time on his Twitter account.

Meanwhile, the line of unpaid workers has had an advance of 5.13% throughout this year. Under this category are those who work more than a third of the day in an economic unit without being on the payroll. Based on the INEGI definition, this condition includes people who participate in family businesses, as well as social service providers, scholarship holders, and participants in employment programs.

In absolute terms, the number of people who work without remuneration is 2.5 million people. Of this group, 37.8% work in agricultural activities, 29.6% in commerce and 22.1% in the services sector; the rest participate in the construction and manufacturing industry. Of this population, 58.2% are women and 41.8% are men.

Freelance work at historic levels

Another of the most dynamic occupation classifications after the impact of the Covid-19 health emergency has been self-employment. By the third quarter of 2022, a group of 13.1 million people were in this condition, in absolute terms the highest quarterly figure in history and which implies an increase of 5.8% compared to what was observed before the pandemic at the end of the year. of 2019.

Two-thirds of the people who consider themselves self employed they work in the services sector (33.3%) and in commerce (29.9%), the economic activities with the highest participation. Of this occupation group, 59.8% are men and 40.2% are women.

The other item that is at all-time highs is that of employers. This classification includes a group of 2.9 million people, and although it was surpassed by what was reported a quarter before by 49,400 people, the data for the period July-September 2022 is in absolute terms the second highest since the record was recorded and represents a growth of 10.1% compared to the report from the end of 2019. Of this group, 77.8% are men and 22.2% are women.

In general terms for the labor market, the Inegi reported that the vacancy rate in the third quarter of the year it was 3.4%, which represents an increase of 0.20 points compared to what was registered in the April-June period, the first increase after four quarters of decline. Although far from the 4.2% rate reported for the same period in 2021.

For its part, the employed population was 57.4 million people, practically at the same level as that observed during the second quarter, and which implies an annual growth of 2.9 percent. In one year, 1.6 million people joined the labor market.

The economic activities with the greatest increase in employment compared to what was reported for the same period of 2021 were the tradewith 413,925 additional spaces, followed by the manufacture (350,236), miscellaneous services (293,292) and restaurants and lodging services (213,393). These four sectors concentrated 79.2% of job creation.

Meanwhile, the labor informality rate during the period July-September 2022 it was 55.6%, which implies an annual decrease of 0.70 points. This data is also below the level of 56.1% reported at the end of 2019, before the impact of the pandemic.