Los college graduates experience a deterioration in working marketwith greater difficulties in finding a job, lower wages and benefits, according to the National Survey of Graduates 2022 (ENE) of the Universidad del Valle de México (UVM).
As a result of this, the survey prepared by the Public Opinion Center (COP) shows that the job dissatisfaction has grown. At least 25% of young professionals are dissatisfied with their current job, a growth of 4 points compared to the level observed the previous year.
“We can see how the percentage of satisfaction with the current job was lower than what we have today and this goes hand in hand with income and conditions. To the extent that these tend to be precarious, the graduate is more dissatisfied with their work,” Adriana Rico Villanueva, COP coordinator, explained at a press conference.
One of the findings of the ENE is that both in the private and public sectors the proportion of university graduates who has a job without legal benefits such as bonuses, paid vacations or social security.
In the private sector, at least 29% of graduates do not have benefits, a figure that increased 7 percentage points in the last year. In government offices the story is no different, 28% of graduates say they do not have the minimum conditions of the Law, this implies a growth of 5 points compared to what was reported in 2021.
“Faced with such a complicated year to enter the labor market, with lower salaries, even reduced salaries, the percentage that indicated that they would like to change their work modality increased. Similarly, either by job uncertainty, pressures or the pandemic itself, the number of graduates satisfied with their jobs decreased from 78.6% to 73.8%. On the other hand, the dissatisfaction associated with wages increased, particularly among those with wages of less than 15,000 pesos”, points out the UVM in your report.
Women graduates are the most likely to have a employment without benefits. While 26% of men report having a job without any other benefit other than salary, 32% of young professionals are in this condition.
“We see an impact among those who have benefits higher than those of the law, both for those who are in their first job and for those who have more experience. Again, this is associated with the blow of the pandemic in the private sector, which is the sector that tends to give better benefits to its employees, and when it was hit by the pandemic, there were important repercussions on salary and benefits,” he pointed out. Adriana Rico.
According to the ENE, the average income of graduates who have subordinate employment is 9,697 pesos per monthan amount 6% lower than the level of 2021. Only 13% of those surveyed are located in a remuneration above 15,000 pesos, just over half of young professionals receive a salary that does not exceed 8,000 per month.
The income of the graduates can vary due to different factors, one of them is that the current job is aligned with the college career. However, at least four out of 10 do not have a job that is fully linked to their academic training.
“Employees in institutions or public and private companies also saw effects on their income as well as their benefits. This can be seen in the income percentages and in the responses of the graduates when underlining the negative effect of the pandemic by Covid-19 in their jobs, being in the private sector where the greatest damage is perceived since they did not see improvements in their salary or in benefits or professional growth, ”indicates the COP in its report.
More competition in the job market
But if the reality of graduates with a job was affected by the pandemic, negative alterations were also registered in the unemployed population. On average the 46% of graduates considers that the main reason why they do not have a paid job is because the labor market is saturated.
“Hay a lot of competition and this emphasizes the importance that applicants for a degree have information and hard data about how the market is, what the skills are and what the diversity of careers is, so that a student has information and support to make the decision when entering. to college,” said Rico Villanueva.
Graduates of careers related to engineering, manufacturing, construction, natural sciences, computing, social sciences, administration and law, top the list where the greatest saturation is perceived in the labor market to find a job.
The second reason for not joining a subordinate job is the graduation process (25%) and although the third reason, which is a unattractive job offerhas a low proportion (7%), for graduates from careers related to services, it is 3.2 times higher than the average.
An important point, considered Adriana Rico, is that only the 4% of graduates It places as limiting a remuneration below the expectations to accept a job. “It seems that for the graduate it is not an issue, when it should be a priority under what conditions and salary they are going to be employed.”
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