The second World Conference of UNESCO on Cultural Policies and Sustainable Development (Mondialcult 2022) convened 40 years later, again in Mexico, for the end of September, “will be a historic opportunity to provide very important answers to problems of the 21st century that they affect material and intangible cultural property and communities, and Mexico comes with great force, and will seek the support of other countries to put illicit trafficking in cultural property and the protection of traditional knowledge of peoples at the center of the discussion, Dr. Jorge Sánchez Cordero, specialist in comparative law and editor of the Unidroit Agreement on Stolen or Illicitly Exported Cultural Assets.
In an interview with El Economista, Sánchez Cordero, honorary member of the Royal Academy of Jurisprudence and Legislation, details the unavoidable, urgent issues that the Ministers of Culture convened by UNESCO will have to address.
“Access to culture as a collective and diffuse human right will be one of the fundamental issues, as established by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR) and ratified by the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation,” says the specialist. “Collective, because it belongs to a specific community, but diffuse, because it radiates to the whole society”, he specifies.
And he adds: “This is what I call the new Mexican jurisprudential cultural model (…) Following the seed of the IACHR, the Supreme Court was absolutely innovative in creating this new model, it is a purely Mexican creation, which they do not have. no other country in the world.”
On the other hand, the illicit trafficking of cultural property will be one of the tough issues of the meeting, a subject in which Mexico has displayed unprecedented activism in recent years, through an awareness campaign on the inalienability of cultural objects owned of the nation, which are part of its history and legacy, to the point of having recovered in almost four years more than 9,500 archaeological pieces that had been stolen from the territory and that were returned by their owners voluntarily, through agreements through diplomatic, with the exception of some that were the product of seizures in the United States and Italy, for example.
Dr. Jorge Sánchez Cordero points out that the fight against illicit trafficking is a matter of the greatest relevance not only for the safeguarding of the cultural heritage of the peoples but also for global security. “The illicit trafficking of cultural goods is the fourth source of financing for criminal organizations and terrorism,” he points out. “That is why the UN Security Council, in resolution 2347 of March 24, 2017, urges States to promote efficient mechanisms in their legislation to combat the trafficking of these goods, especially Western countries that that’s where they’re coming the most.”
Mexico will seek to include in Mondialcult a greater number of countries adhering to the Unidroit Convention and advance in the fight against illicit trafficking in cultural property, the specialist explains.
francisco.deanda@eleconomista.mx
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