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Baghdad- Today, Tuesday, January 11, marks the anniversary of the death of the Iraqi plastic artist Faeq Hassan, who studied in Europe and established – with his colleague Jawad Salim – the Drawing Branch at the Institute of Fine Arts in Baghdad, and he is the most realistic painter, as he was associated with reality and the environment.
Faiq Hassan was born in the locality of Al-Baqa’a in Baghdad in 1914, and he died on January 11, 1992. He graduated from the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in France, and established the Painting branch at the Institute of Fine Arts in (1939-1940) with Jawad Selim. He also founded the Pioneers Group, and contributed In the establishment of the corner group.
Hassan participated in the exhibition of the Society of Friends of Art, and began expressing the nature that he lived with academic realism, as he expressed it in the manner of the modern school. He is considered the first painter in the country in his academic aspect as he is the most realistic painter, and his adherence to reality and the Iraqi people’s environment, in addition to being a brilliant sculptor in color.
He did not neglect the form as a necessary organic unit for the work of the painting, and differed from Selim, who preferred form more than color. In the fifties of the twentieth century, Faeq Hassan became a distinct phenomenon in Iraqi art, as he is the first – undisputed – founder of the art of painting in Iraq, according to artist Shaker Hassan Al Said.
Al Said pointed out that Hassan is a great artist who is credited with laying the objective foundations for establishing the Institute of Fine Arts in cooperation with his colleagues Jawad Selim and Haqi Al-Shibli. When the government at that time sent him on a mission to Paris to study art, he collected his works and presented them to the French professor Roger, who decided to accept him immediately.
Faeq Hassan passed away and did not finish drawing his last painting, and left his horses humming in the woes of the canvases in grief and sorrow for him. He left and his wishes to smell the scent of the homeland remained a heartbreak.
his artistic style
Faiq Hassan dealt in his paintings with the Iraqi environment and Bedouin life, and the subject of the Arabian horses was his preoccupation for a long time, to the extent that he was able to show the Arab horses and their beautiful features as much as he amazed those who follow them.
The Iraqi encyclopedist Hamid Al-Mutabi described it in his encyclopedia, saying, “Faeq Hassan set rules for plastic art, starting with inspiration from cultural heritage and ending with living contemporary folklore. He used to say: The painting must include a symbolic history.” Its chromaticity made it the basis of the painting.”
The head of the Iraqi Plastic Artists Association, Qassem Sabti, told Al Jazeera Net that Faeq Hassan attached to his uncle the gardener who was working in the royal court, and when King Faisal I saw him while he was drawing, he asked him to draw one of his paintings, so he dazzled him, and promised him a mission to Paris, but the king died in 1933, so he executed He was succeeded by King Ghazi will after two years.
founder of realism
Faeq Hassan is the founder of Iraqi realism and the founder of the first painting department in Iraq. Unfortunately his entire hall in the Museum of Modern Art contained hundreds of paintings, most of which were stolen. The Iraqi Media Network has produced a film about him.
Critic Dr. Jawad Al-Zaidi told Al-Jazeera Net, “The stage was the stage of Faeq and his generation.. Everyone agreed on him as a brilliant and great painter without saying that I am great. They unanimously agreed on his leadership in plastic art without the objection of the pioneers. He was also a founder of projects, a theorist of sayings in painting, and a teacher who worked hard.” to teach the lesson.” Al-Zaidi added, “I am certain that he is immortal with the eternity of his breadth in his paintings.”
The late plastic artist Nuri Al-Rawi also praised his late counterpart Faeq Hassan, describing him as a school, and the artist Shawkat Al-Rubaie wrote about his leadership and high sensuality, and the artist Muhammad Al-Jazaery treated his drawings in the light of his social relations, and the critic Suhail Sami Nader analyzed his style and philosophy.
The plastic artist Adel Kamel also wrote about him in his book “One Hundred Years of Iraqi Formation”, issued by the Syrian Ministry of Culture in 2008, saying that “Faqeq Hassan founded the pioneer group that carried a direct call for primitivism, not to abandon European knowledge, but to abandon complexity and return The group became famous for its regular trips to fields, farms, and villages… Nature was a source of enrichment for its experiences and expertise.
However, the artist, Jawad Selim, for reasons of skill and personality, went beyond the goals of super technical technical, so the text for him envisaged intellectual and aesthetic implications, and not merely stop at the problems of painting. It was to separate from the pioneering artists, to form an artistic group with dimensions related to the overlaps, intersections and integrations of the destinies of the inheritance.
Regarding his realism, Adel Kamel adds in his book, “Hassan did not venture to search for style as Jawad Selim did, so he chose the most embodiment of his realistic thought, and then came to the conviction that realistic art associated with a realistic mind is the most expressive of the artist’s ideas and more relevant to his audience.”
And certainly – Kamel continues – the nature of painting in Iraq was subject to the influences of Hassan and Selim, influences that did not come through unique realistic works, but through the artist’s constant search for a logical summary of European and heritage methods and influences, and on the other hand, his effectiveness was essential in educating generations of artists. and the creation of objective artistic traditions.
Kamel adds, “If the theoretical aspects and the jurisprudence were associated with artists, then the reality of painting was associated with Hassan as a pioneer of the art of realism, which is realism that does not acquire this importance without the presence of a sober realistic intellectual system.”
Critic Ali Al-Dulaimi told Al-Jazeera Net that the influence of Faeq Hassan in form, especially in the art of painting, makes us clearly feel his mark and his impact on the artistic scene in general and his leaders in the artistic groups at the time. His students are spread all over the world and have a distinctive artistic imprint as their teacher.
He added that Fadl Faeq Hassan is not only connected to art inside and outside Iraq, “but came for his enormous artistic capabilities and superior skill in planning and the language of color and his deep study of pictorial creation and speed in his color strokes. He has become, a global artistic symbol, which made Iraq proud.”
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