Britons may need to be vaccinated against Covid every year to keep the disease at bay, Sir Patrick Vallance warned today.
No10’s chief scientific adviser said a regular flu-style rollout may be required to ‘keep on top’ of the virus for the next few years.
Scientists say that mutations on the spike protein — which disease-fighting proteins called antibodies target to stop pathogens triggering an infection — could allow the virus to evade jabs or natural immunity in the future.
Covid vaccines are likely to cost Number 10 upwards of £1billion this year alone, with health bosses understood to have signed a deal in the region of £600million to get hold of 40million doses from Pfizer.
The UK spends around £200million each year on its annual flu vaccine rollout, which sees around 15million people jabbed over the course of the winter.
Experts say around 70 per cent of the population — 46million people — will need to be vaccinated against Covid to achieve herd immunity and stop the virus spreading. But immunity can fade over time, meaning that millions may need to be inoculated again.
Sir Patrick said studies have now suggested vaccines will work on the Kent variant, although there are still ‘some question marks’ over other strains including the South African one.
He added that he would continue to push for tougher curbs if needed, saying Britain’s experience of the pandemic has shown going too lightly can easily lead to a resurgence in the virus.
Sir Patrick Vallance told Sky News it was likely regular vaccinations against Covid-19 could be needed to keep the virus at bay
The current crop of jabs approved for use in Britain are based on versions of the constantly-evolving virus studied a year ago, so may become less effective as more mutations happen over time.
But vaccine technology allows some of the jabs to be tweaked within weeks, meaning boosted versions protecting against new strains can be rapidly made and dished out.
Some 4.6million Britons have received their first dose so far, as the Government aims to get 14million of the most vulnerable vaccinated by mid-February.
Speaking to Sky News, Sir Patrick said: ‘I think it’s quite likely that we are going to need regular vaccination, at least for a few years.
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‘And I think it’s quite likely those vaccines may need to change a bit as they do for flu every year.’
But he added that it was not yet certain whether annual vaccinations would be taking place.
‘We don’t know yet,’ he said. ‘But that will be planned in the way it is planned for flu as well.
‘This virus has taken us by surprise time and time again and we just don’t know.’
There are fears mutant strains of the virus could get around immunity triggered by vaccines, although a variant with this ability hasn’t been identified.
Sir Patrick told Sky the Government’s scientists are now ‘increasingly of the view’ that the Kent variant ‘will be susceptible to the vaccine and to previous immunity’.
‘The studies are all pointing in that direction so I think that’s good in terms of vaccine effect,’ he said.
‘[But] for some of the others that are popping up around the world – and they will continue to pop up — we’ve still got some question marks as to how effective a vaccine will be.’
Boris Johnson imposed demands for everyone arriving in the UK from abroad to have tested negative for coronavirus and quarantine this week, in an attempt to lock out any new variants.
Sir Patrick said he was pushing ministers for a harder approach against the virus, because their experience since March showed that looser measures easily allowed the virus to resurge.
‘I think there is a very simple series of recommendations which I’ve been pushing continuously and I’ll continue to do so, which is the lesson is: go earlier than you think you want to, go a bit harder than you think you want to, and go a bit broader than you think you want to, in terms of applying the restrictions.
‘I’m afraid that’s a grim message but that is what the evidence says – you’ve got to go hard, early and broader if you’re going to get on top of this. Waiting and watching simply doesn’t work.’
It comes as the British Medical Association (BMA) criticised the Government over a lack of transparency around vaccine supply which is impacting the speed at which jabs are rolled out.
More than four million Britons have been vaccinated against the virus so far, as the Government tries to inoculate 14million of the most vulnerable by mid-February
GP committee chairman Dr Richard Vautrey said the past few weeks ‘has seen an enormous effort on the part of GPs and other healthcare workers to roll out the vaccination to as many people as possible’.
But he added: ‘Unfortunately, we are hearing of supply issues which are impacting the speed of the rollout of the vaccine.
‘Despite having the staff and resources available, some GP-led sites are not able to vaccinate patients at the rate at which they could if they had continued access to the vaccine.
‘As well as accelerating the delivery of supplies to ready and willing sites across the country, the Government needs to be honest both with the public and practices about what supplies are available.’
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