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21 monkeys have undergone pig kidney transplants with various modifications in a groundbreaking study. The researchers, from eGenesis and Harvard Medical School, genetically modified Yucatan miniature pigs and transplanted their kidneys into macaque monkeys. The modifications aimed to prevent rejection of the transplanted organs by adding human genes and eliminating pig viruses. Monkeys that received kidneys with the most extensive modifications, including human genes and removed antigens, had a seven-fold increase in survival rates, with an average survival of 176 days. One monkey even survived for 758 days. The study brings the possibility of using genetically modified pig organs in human transplantation closer to reality. It is considered a significant advancement in transplantation and could lead to better outcomes for patients in need of organ transplants. Over 5,500 people in the UK are waiting for kidney transplants. Pigs are the most viable donor animals due to their availability and similarities to human organs. Although overcoming rejection by the human immune system has been a challenge, gene-editing technology and immune system suppression techniques have shown promise in recent experiments. Two humans have received pig heart transplants, and a 58-year-old man also received a genetically modified pig kidney, which functioned for about two months, marking the longest successful transplant of its kind.
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