Latin America It is one of the regions where more hours are worked per year in the world, according to information compiled by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Most Latin American countries have a 48-hour work week. However, nations like Chile plan to reduce the working day to at least five hours a week.
In addition, the region has one of the highest rates of informality. According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), there are 140 million people working in informal conditions; namely, 50% of workers about.
Colombia, Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, Uruguay, Cuba, Bolivia, Mexico and Paraguay top the list of countries in the region that work the most hours, with 2,304 hours per year and 48 on average per week. These are followed by Ecuador and Chile, where they work 45 hours a week, or 2,160 hours a year. The list continues with Brazil and El Salvador, with 44 hours per week; that is, 2,112 hours per year.
However, working more hours per week is not synonymous with productivity, since there are countries that work less time per week, but contribute a higher percentage to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for each hour. For example, Ireland works 1,772 hours a week and every hour contributes about 110 dollars to GDP, according to the OECD. Compared to a country in the region like Mexico, where more than 2,000 hours a year are worked, each fraction contributes 22.2 dollars to the GDP.
According to the OECD report, the countries that contribute the most to GDP per hour worked are: Ireland (109.5 dollars), Norway (93.2 dollars), France (77.2 dollars), the United States (77.1 dollars), Germany (74.2 dollars), United Kingdom ($64.3), Australia ($61.3), Italy ($61.3), Spain ($58.1) and Canada ($57.9). In Latin American nations like Chile, an hour of work contributes 30.2 dollars to the GDP. There the current working day is 45 hours a week. In fact, the president, Gabriel Boric, said that his government gave instructions to Congress to develop the bill that reduces working hours by five hours, for which it would remain at 40 hours per week.
“This is a pro-family project, it is a project that aims at living well and I have no doubt that these improvements are essential means to get closer to a new Chile that is more just and inclusive,” said Boric.
This project must be reviewed and endorsed by both chambers of the Chilean Congress before it is approved. “I fully trust that parliamentarians will process this project with the speed that Chilean families deserve,” said the president.
In addition, he reflected on the productivity, working hours and free time that Chileans have left, “How much is a story worth? How much is a song worth at night? How much does it cost to go for a walk, breathe, after the working day? Go out to hang out? How much is it worth to spend time with family or time alone, reflecting? That surely does not enter into the standardized indices of productivity,” she said.
In Colombia, the Ministry of Labor sought to make a labor reform that covers the hours, the types of contracts and the salary to improve the working conditions of Colombians. However, this week the president, Gustavo Petro, announced the postponement of said change to 2023.
“We are going to build this labor reform with the parties involved, that is, employers and workers through their trade union centrals, and we are going to call the academy to join us. We have sought the support of the ILO, the labor chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice and international organizations that have to do with the world of work,” said Gloria Ramírez, Minister of Labor.
In addition, the leader of the portfolio indicated that it will seek to close the gender and salary gaps in the world of work, including overtime.
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