If sexual violence against women has been naturalized, that which is exercised against women domestic workers has also been rejected. With notable exceptions, movies and television have portrayed scenes of sexual harassment and bullying as comical, sexualized female employees in their uniforms, and romanticized rape into fake love stories.
“Once the door is closed, multiple types of violence occur inside the houses, and who defends us?” Asked Julieta Martínez, director of the Intercultural Network for the Support and Inclusion of Indigenous People in Nuevo León (Redmin). She is now a full time activist. But from age 11 to 21, she was a migrant domestic worker in Nuevo León. She is originally from the Huasteca Tenek region of San Luis Potosí.
Within the framework of the third National Meeting of Domestic Workers held this Wednesday, various organizations and institutions of the federal government and Mexico City presented the Attention route in case of sexual violence. It is a brief guide for domestic workers to identify if they are being sexually assaulted, in case they are not clear about it, and then know what to do, where to go, where to report it.
The document was developed by the Simone de Beauvoir Leadership Institute (ILSB), in collaboration with domestic workers and public institutions, such as the National Institute for Women (InMujeres), whose owner, Nadine Gasmanwas present at the press conference.
Without taking your finger off the line so that more basic labor rights are recognized and guaranteed, it is also necessary to promote their sexual and reproductive rightssaid Friné Salguero, director of the ILSB.
To give us an idea of the seriousness of sexual violence, the feminist anthropologist cited a terrifying fact: according to a study carried out by the Latin American and Caribbean Confederation of Domestic Workers (Conlactraho) in 2003, the 96% of female workers respondents had been a victim of “forced sexual relations” in the workplace.
The Conlactraho document indicates that “a fifth of all female workers have had to face situations of rape (…) domestic workers are seen as an object, ready to be used or abused when men so desire”.
In 2021, the Council to Prevent and Eliminate Discrimination of Mexico City (Copred) conducted a local survey on domestic work, in which 18% declared having been victims of abuse, harassment or violence in their employment. But only 5.2% reported it.
Friné Salguero commented that, according to the International Labor Organization (ILO), domestic workers are exposed to:
- Harassment and sexual harassment
- Non-consensual bodily contact of a sexual nature during your working day
- Request to wear clothing with sexual connotations while working
- Offering money or salary increases in exchange for sexual relations
- Unsolicited comments about your physical appearance
- Threats of dismissal for not agreeing to sexual conduct
The route to specialized care
Everything that implies employment in someone else’s home, where the labor inspection does not enter, as well as the identity of the workers – women, indigenous, Afro-descendants, migrants, poor – makes it difficult for sexual assaults are denounced.
“Las domestic workers We suffer psychological violence, manipulation, humiliation, harassment and sexual violation, they prohibit us from eating, they reduce our salary when they want, they charge us if something breaks or they discount us for the place where we sleep if we are stay workers”, said Julieta Martinez, director of Redmin.
Now, there are distinctions between abuse, harassment and rape. The Route explains what it is sexual abuse “If someone touches your body without consent.”
Es sexual harassment “If someone of a higher hierarchy looks at you in a way that makes you uncomfortable”, if he talks to you about sexual issues or your body, if he insistently asks you out, if he sends you sexual images or makes you a sexual proposal.
Es rape if the sexual relationship was “without your consent”. Even if it was not violent and it seems that you agreed because “you feel compromised, forced, forced or threatened” it is rape.
The process for victims of sexual violence is as follows:
» Step 1. Attention. “It is not essential to file a complaint” to access these services:
- Psychological attention
- Legal attention. At the Women’s Secretariat or Women’s Institute in your state, at the Women’s Justice Center. Or call 911 to find out where you can go.
- Medical care. In any unit of the Ministry of Health, IMSS or ISSSTE
» Step 2. Complaint. Go to an Agency of the Public Ministry (MP), where you will tell them what happened. It is your right to request that you be assigned a person to advise you legally. If you are at risk, you can request “police surveillance and protection at your home” and that the alleged aggressor be prohibited from approaching or communicating with you and your family.
You will be evaluated by an expert in psychology to determine how the aggression has affected you. Depending on the case, you may also have a body or gynecological examination. Then, you will have an interview with the investigative police so that you can give them the necessary information.
» Step 3. Labor protection. “If you want to demand the payment of your compensation and benefits for harassment and/or sexual harassment, you do not need to have a contract or to be registered with social security,” the guide specifies.
Go to the Office of the Labor Defense of your entity, where they will advise you to start the lawsuit. You have one month to process your resignation with the right to compensation from the date the sexual violence occurred. And to claim the benefits owed to you, “you have one year from the date they had to be paid.”
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